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Acoustic guitars, the hollow parts of the body, has been used for thousands of years. There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: nylon-string acoustic guitar, steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar. Classical guitar is generally played as a solo instrument using a comprehensive fingerpicking technique.
Electric guitars, introduced in the 1930s, rely on an electronic amplifier that is able to manipulate the guitar sounds. At the beginning of its use, hollow body electric guitar using (hollow body), but then the use of solid bodies (solid body) to be more appropriate. Widely known electric guitar as a lead instrument in a variety of musical genres such as blues, country, reggae, jazz, metal, rock, and various forms of pop music.
The authenticity of the guitar can not be seen from antiquity. Some experts feel this tool comes from the African continent, where many modern replica in the form of round like a clamshell box with Gut / silk yarn, in many regions of the continent. Other experts find this tool in the form of glass in an old stone relief relief at the time of Ancient Central Asia and Asia. Materials other thoughts also arise with the discovery of ancient Greek vases patterned vase. Greek Strings is the first tool that may be categorized as a guitar. Modern Guitar possibility stems from the Spanish guitar, but different types of guitars as instruments of instruments we can see dilukisan Medieval paintings in the days and there is lots Renaiassance throughout Europe.Here is the place where the historic discovery of the guitar from Medieval times to the 20th century, based on the history and development.1265 Juan Gil of Zamora declared the guitar starts early history of the "Ars Musica".1283 -1350 and Guitar Guitarra Latina Moresca found in the poem "Archpriest of Hita".1306 A guitar player playing at a religious place (The Feast of Westminister) in the UK.1487 Johannes Tinctoris found instrument invented by the Catalans.1546 Alonso Mudarra create a composite "Tres Libros de Musica en Cifras The Vihuela" involving the guitar in it.1551 - 1555 Nine tablatur guitar books published by Adrian Le Roy.1600 - 1650 Various types tablatur for guitar published. Its popularity began to rival the lute (a kind of guitar as well).1674 book "guitarre Royal" published by F. Corbetta to raise the popularity of the guitar. This book is dedicated to King Louis XIV.1770 - 1800 to 6 strings on the guitar and it all added to Single String.1800 - 1850 Guitar experiencing the peak of popularity in terms of appearance and publications. Fernando Sor, Mauro Guiliani, Matteo Carcassi and Dioniso Aguado was the famous composer who writes, teaches and publishes their composition.1850 - 1892 A Manual Torres guitar manufacturers develop next generation that we know today.1916 Segovia held a concert at the Ateneo, which is the most famous concert halls in Madrid at the time. Formerly known instrument can not be displayed at this big event.I. Evolution of the guitar in the ancient EastEntrusted with the history of the guitar comes from the eastern hemisphere. There archeolog find the instruments and objects concerned with it as a benchmark in the world came from a not so well known guitars. Among the historical objects found in Babylonia, the most relevant are plaques made of clay (1900-1800 BC), which are shown in figure nude figures playing musical instruments instrument.Some of the instruments that have a common denominator instrument similar to a guitar. Further analysis proved that there is a difference between the body and neck. The back of the guitar is very flat, wherein the back of the guitar is attached to the chest of a priest. It is enough to prove that there is no possibility of the instrument-shaped Bowl-Shaped / bowl. It's apparent that the right hand plucked string / rope straps. Unfortunately the number of strings strings pins.But on the other plaques are at least two strings. Evidence of the instrument instrument that resembles a guitar has been seen; Syria, Susa (an ancient city on the northern Persian Gulf: the capital of the Persian Empire).II. Egyptian and RomanAt first, the only stringed musical instruments in Egypt is a harp-shaped bow / Bow-Shaped. Some time later, the instrument has a neck that is characterized by Frets, and may be made of silk yarn / Gut hanging dileher. In the end some parts and characteristics that would be an instrument related to the guitar and stringed instruments are all instruments that have a neck, with the method of picking and lowered her head. Subsequent developments make this instrument more equal form of the guitar.Instrument instrument from Roman times (30 BC - 40 AD) are all made of wood that were previously made of goatskin. This instrument has 5 parts small earpiece. Characteristic features of this force until the 16th century. An instrument was found dikuburan Coptic in Egypt, where the basic guitar shapes are shown, there is a fairly deep indentation curve curve curve on his side with the back of a very flat. Front and rear surfaces together by pieces of wood that form the sides of this instrument. Characteristic of this can be found until now.III. Mid Century in EuropeThe first European stringed instrument that began in the 3rd century AD Analysis of the third century proves that the instrument has a round sound box that connects to a wide neck. This type of instrument used to continue until the end of time. There are also descriptions of other instruments began in the Carolingian Dynasty which probably came from France or Germany.Instruments of this Carolingian rectangular, has a length approximately equal to the neck, the tip of his neck a little wider and has a small string string fastener / Small Pegs. In another illustration, instrument instruments have 4 and 5 Pegs Pegs diinstrumen other. The number of strings and plucked strings together in 2 ways: By using a finger or Plectrum / picker tool strings. Carolingian instrument does not change until the 14th century.Guitarra Latina and Guitarra MorescaThere is a difference between Guitarra Latina and Guitarra Morisca. Morisca word brought by the Arabs. oval-shaped sound box and have a lot of earpiece. At the time of his journey through Egypt, most of the people of Africa and Spain to spread the main features of the design features of this guitar instrument to instrument makers in Western Europe. The same possibility is that the first Spanish guitar was made in Europe. Only certain that Arab influence in Spain is the beginning of the emergence of a guitar. The Guitarra Latina has a curved side, which is expected to come to Spain from several countries in Europe. The form is a type that developed into the modern guitar.Achieving success guitar has to do with the nature of the nomadic tribes Troubadours properties. On the way past the Spanish guitar to Catalonia through tribal Troubadours. Spare Troubadours European section organize excursions and performances, as well as enrich the music culture is widely and had a major impact in spreading the guitar on this continent.IV. The 16th centuryUntil medieval information important information about the guitar and its genealogy has been depicted in figure numbers and images on relief relief. It becomes a belief on the fact that no direct and unavoidable. Beginning in the 16th century, the form of the instrument instrument is present the facts straight. Guitar guitar in the 16th century the vihuela distributed as of the time of Luis Milan, Rizzio Guitar Guitarra battente of France and of Italy.The VihuelaThe vihuela comes from Spain, where the instrument is a small vihuela merged 4 and 5 stringed Guitarra. At the same time comes the new tool that Lute. The instruments are favored by almost all the nobility of Europe. Spain is a notable exception. Lute also has become one with the Arabs who define the rules of the rule itself. For such nobility felt humiliated because the instrument is also used by the settlers.Later aristocrats popularized Guitarra with 4 strings of the same / Double-Strings. Along with its development, guitar with four strings was enlarged and given the same 6 strings / Double-Strings. The same rules of the game and with the exception of the string to three, the tone of his dropped by half. One player is the famous vihuela Luis Milan, born in 1500.Luis Milan in 1535 published a book entitled Libro de Musica de Vihuela de Mano Intitulalo "El Maestro". This book is an important work for Milan. Data last Vihuela in 1700 representing the end stage of the development of the instrument. The instrument is made of metal engraving, vihuela has a curvature along the side of a deep and oval sound hole. Fame instrument is evidence of the quantity of music that still exists. Written in tablatur this instrument, each line represents a string and the tablatur Spain and Italy, the top string representing the deepest strings. While in the UK and France on tablatur Vihuelanya strings strings, not the value of various types of shows and are not the top row. Kinds of kinds of notes is similar to the existing notes.First published work tablatur Spanish vihuela by Luis de Milan in 1535, Luis de Narvaez in 1538, Alonso de Mudarra in 1546. Tablatur collection consists of the best instrument composition in the Renaissance in the 16th century, the golden age for Spanish vihuela music.4 Guitar Strings (Four Course Guitar has 4 pairs of strings, guitar-shaped body and a flat soundboard, bridge of the lute and the back made half curved but not too form spheres. Instruments such as guitar, measuring children)4 stringed guitar native of Egypt, one of which came from Europe and experienced many changes in shape and varied; stringed 3, 4 and 5 strings. This most popular stringed guitar until the late Middle Ages.4 string guitar tones in Italy have G, C, E, A. And the tone is different in Spain notation is G, D, F #, B.5 Guitar StringsMid-day, the existence of stringed guitars 3, 4, and 5 at the same time began to appear. In the 15th century, stringed instrument with 4 double-strings skyrocketed in popularity. 5 double-stringed guitar strings were first found on a carving in Italy. The name and type of guitar strings are Guitarra 5 battente having characteristic curved rear exit.Tuning for this instrument are A, D, G, B, E.V. The 17th centuryKing Louis XIV of France can play a guitar and acknowledge guitar as his favorite instrument. His teacher is one of the famous French guitar player; Robert de Visee (1650-1725). Jean Baptiste Lully was a famous composer at the time. He plays the guitar and compose music for the instrument.Name the name of the guitar player in the Baroque period in France has been recorded in history, for example Rene Voboam representing the peak of instrument makers in 17th century France. He made the guitar in 1641 that showed a more guitar construction beronamen. Voboam Alexandre and her son Jean also makes a nuanced guitar the 17th century.VI. Influence in GermanyIn Northern Europe precisely in Germany, the guitar reached peak popularity; Heinrich Schutz (1585-1672), Samuel Scheidt (1587-1654) and Johann Hermann Schein (1586-1630). An example of a German first guitar that still exist to this day made by Jacobus Stadler in 1624. He has a distinctive arches and rear plain and also shows the influence of Italian design. A 17th century guitars made by a clergyman, John of Apsom has a design that is very different from other guitars. The back of the guitar is adorned with a picture of a picture "Crucifixion".European guitar makers of the most prominent is Joachim Tielke of Hamburg (1641-1719). Homemade guitars decorated by ingredients ivory, tortoise shell, ebony, gold and silver, mother-of-pearl, wood jarcanda. His work always has the highest quality and consistency. The side there is the work that he made with carved ivory figure of Genesis.VII. Influence in Eastern EuropeIn Czechoslovakia, the Czech 'Luthier' attempts to adapt to the type of guitar battente. In addition there are 5 double-battente guitar strings like the original, there is one additional guitars Czech single-string used to play 'Melodic Line'. Guitar guitars made by Andrees Ott, an expert instrument maker from Prague shows the influence of Italy.History of Poland represented by Jakob guitar Kremberg, poet, singer, and composer from Warsaw. The importance of the work Kremberg also gives us important information about tuning guitar, is one tone lower than the tuning of the instrument instrument today.VIII. Spain and PortugalOne of the prominent guitarist at the time was Corbera Francisco. He dedicated his work called Guitarra y sus differencias de Sonos to Philip IV, king of Spain from 1621 until 1665. But France's most prominent guitarists in the 17th century was Gasper Sanz.Sanz studied guitar in Italy and also the organ and music history. He became an organizer in King's Chaples in Naples. By the time he returned to Spain, he published 3 books about guitar music in the years 1674, 1675 and 1697. This books contains extensive teachings in teaching improvisation and performance, using two methods of play: Plucking and strumming. He believes strumming technique is suitable for dance music. Tuning used are A, D, G, B, E.IX. Influence in ItalyThe main factor that popularized the guitar in Italy and who enriched literature is the introduction of guitar picking style guitar from Spain. Because of that guitar in Italy also known as chitaria Spagnuola. Style stringed vihuela techniques inherited from the Spaniards adapted by people for their guitars. Chitaria Spagnuola are common techniques in the 17th century and the use of "Spanish Guitar" continues to this day as the continued use of the 17 th century.Two guitar technique is very different in Plucking and strumming techniques and exist simultaneously in Italy in the 17th century. Picking technique is expressed in the form of notation tablatur. Strumming of chords dedicated by special notation developed by Italian composer composers of the 16th century and 17th century.X. The 18th centuryIn the 18th century, the increase in the amount equal to the amount guitarist composer. As for some of the famous composer at that time, among others; Johann Arnold (1773-1806), Friedrich Baumbach (1753-1813), and Johann ChristianFranz (1762-1814). Most important aspects of guitar music in Germany in this century using the guitar in combination variation "ensemble". For example; guitars and Flute, guitar and bass, guitars, violin and bass.Players player and composer composer of the 18th centuryOne is Trille LaBarre composer, he composed compositions for solo guitar, guitar and violin, guitar and singing. Another composer; Antonie Lemoine (1763-1877) a "Virtuoso" famous compose and play the violin. B. Vidal role play as a player, teacher and composer. He wrote Nouvelle Methode.6 stringed guitar6 stringed guitar is an innovation from the 18th century. Guitar comes from Italy and is a favorite and very popular. The reason the reason is;1. Guitarra battente from Italy, which appeared in the late 17th century and early 18th century, has been changed into 6 strings. Where any strings there are two strings (double-strings).2. In 1732, Majer JBFK creating stringed guitar tunning at 6.3. 6 stringed guitar which comes from Germany, made by Otto, created by Italian method.XI. The 19th centuryIn the early mid-19th century, a new interest for the instrument is centered on the city of Vienna. City of Vienna itself became the center of musical instruments and musicians from all over Europe. Pertujukan performances these musicians gave the initial impetus which the guitar becomes a serious instrument. As Mauro Giuliani (1780-1840) who initiate trend tour guitar for the guitarist. Then a Spanish guitarist Fernando Sor's famous Spanish Romantic era and one of them, and the first guitarist invited by London Pihlharmonic Society.XII. The 20th centuryIs the century in which we are witnessing the development of unforeseen drastic guitar as an instrument for artistic expression. Also as the only century concert stage welcomes guitar. There are two basic reasons for fame guitar:1. Diakari by a phenomenon found in the 20th century. Revolutionary technological developments and the development of mass media communication and transportation faster and efficiently is visible aspect of its aspects. Radio, TV, recording industry, satellite communications, transport jets have helped to demonstrate instruments globally. Musicians can hold concerts around the world in a short time. They can reach a large number of spectators audience, not just the audience but also the concert stage to the audience at home watching on TV, listening to the radio and via tape recordings (LPs, cassettes and CDs), as well as through the internet. The composer, performer or listener, creating many opportunities to instill interest in playing the guitar.2. Although not as dramatic as before does not mean insignificant. It is an extension, the natural consequences of the developments that have taken place centuries earlier century. 19th Century be remembered as the century in which Francisco Tarrega (1852-1909) brought a guitar technique on a point of pure art, that are ready to welcome the arrival of modern techniques. The famous guitar makers like luthier Antonio Torres (1817-1892) developed an instrument with a slight variation to this day able to be recognized as a guitar. Even this important event has realized the importance of the role of the guitar century 20.B. Type GuitarUsefulness of the guitar amplifier unused today. Amplification was introduced to the guitar "Dobro" / Resonator guitar started by Dopyera brothers, Slovak immigrants in America. They found the material innovation on the guitar when the guitar is made from metal and added a metal plate (Pie Plate) with a certain thickness will increase the resonant voice that 2 times 2 times larger and louder voice. Type was produced to play guitar with orchestra music and became very popular in the 1920's and 1930's Blues and Jazz among musicians.Then during the 2nd world war the basic ingredients guitar "Dobro" changed to wood, metal to replace a very expensive, just resonatornya are still using metal materials.Along with its development, the guitar continues to experience a lot of innovation in accordance with the demands of its use. But the musician Country, Blues, and Jazz began to create various types of Tone and sound that can be produced by the guitar of techniques such as Bend, Sustain and others.Variations of sound is also encouraging the development of Rock and Roll music that arose in the 1950's. Les Paul was the first to experiment with the sound of the electric guitar in about 1940. The first electric guitar was in the form of a hollow-body / hollow guitars, sometimes in the form of two pieces shaped earpiece S-Shaped at the front of the guitar body. In 1947 Paul Bigsby Merle Travis worked with designing solid-body electric guitar guitar as we know it today. A radio repairman Leo Fender was the first to successfully mass produce this type of guitar. So there is competition between the Fender guitar made by Gibson Les Paul guitar to date.There are two common types of guitars that we know are:The Pick Guitar and The Finger-Style Guitar.I. The Guitar PickThe Pick guitar is played by plucking the strings with a pick, which pick is shaped like a flat round pieces Almond made from turtle shell or plastic.The difference in this type of guitar is there are 2 pieces shaped earpiece S-Shaped at the front of the guitar body. The strings are made of wire and connected to the tailpiece / end of string fastener. Fingerboard / neck guitar and marked with lines adjacent iron / name Frets. Frets is a place where the left hand fingers press the strings. Point to make it easier for players to find notes and play with rhythm notes.Since the mid 30's, Guitar Pick has been created / changed to Electric Guitar by installing Contact Microphone or Pickups under the strings. The pickup was then connected to the loudspeaker. The Pick Guitar and Electric Guitar is most often used in Jazz music, band and dance band Rock group.In general, the guitar has a number of strings of 6; then came the guitar with 12 strings are more commonly used in the country music scene. In the decade of the 50's, came with two guitar neck (fretboard), one with only stringed stringed 6 and 12 (as it is often used by John McLaughlin). Then came the seven-string guitar (as it is commonly used by Bucky Pizzarelli), even there are also 10-string guitar. Electric guitar and thrive; Solid-Body (as described above without sounding resonance, until completely electrically sound) kind of hollow-body guitars and semi-hollowed. Types of electric guitars like that are commonly used in the arena rock / pop. Types of electric guitar was continued with the use of various kinds of sound effects.Part of the Electric GuitarGuitar is the most important element in a band. Guitars that we know in this day and age to have the types and forms of diversity. But we will discuss this time is the essence of the guitar parts.II. The Finger-Style GuitarThe Finger-Style Guitar played by plucking the strings with the fingers. Strings strings are made of Nylon, Silk and wire. This guitar has a sound hole ring. The fingerboard has such Frets Guitar Pick but wider. Many works of the classical masters, including Bach and Chopin, has arranged for guitar. Guitar, both The Finger-Style Guitar or The Pick Guitar, often a favorite for local singers songs. A form of guitar music that is popular but hard to Flamenco
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