sains: Fluoride (F)

Understanding FluorideFluoride is a substance that can provide hardness and durability of the enamel of the teeth and prevent dental caries. Dipereaya fluoride prevents dental caries is useful can also endanger your health if used in amounts exceeding the normal dose has been determined.The effects FluorideFluoride in water shortages can lead to dental caries. Fluoride excess causes disease and Fluoresis. Levels in the drinking water 1-2 mg / l. It has been established that the
presence of about 1 mg / L of fluoride in the water will help to prevent tooth decay in children and reduce the incidence of dental caries. Fluorine in drinking water at levels of about 1 mg / L reduces the number of dental cavities. Therefore, some public water systems to add fluoride chemicals Us for water.• However, some children exposed to levels of fluoride greater than about 1.5 mg / L may develop dental fluorosis. Dental fluorosis, in its moderate and severe forms, which causes rown staining and / or pitting of the permanent teeth.• Dental fluorosis occurs because only when developing teeth (before they erupt from the gums) are exposed to elevated levels of fluoride, only children are expected to be affected by the level of fluorine.• relation to drinking water levels above 3 mg / L for many years may cause some cases of crippling fluorosis framework, which is a serious bone disorder.• Osteoporosis and Arthritis• Pelvic FractureDrinking water containing fluoride will increase the risk of hip fracture by up to two-fold in both p [ria and women continued usia.Bahkan water with fluoride are very low at 0.1 ppm, still statistically significant in increasing the risk of hip fracture.• Cancerberfluor consume water can cause bone cancer, fluoride causes the cancer risk at higher and faster compared to the other chemical elements.• InfertilityInfertility in women was found to increase with water use berfluor. Scientists FDA (Food and Drug Administration) reported a strong correlation between the decline in the fertility rate of women in the age range 10-49 years with increased levels of fluoride.• Brain DamageFluoride reduces the capacity of human intelligence, especially in children early on fluorine poisoning. Their lower IQ levels than children who are not exposed to fluoride in all age groups in the list.Fluoride Test MethodMetodePengujian levels of fluoride in waterwith a spectrophotometer by alizarin redSNI 06-2482-1991SCOPEScope of testing includes testing method contained fluoride levels in water antara0-25 mg / ltd's use of the method with alizarin red spectrophotometer in the wavelength range 520-550 nm.SUMMARYThis test method is intended for support in the implementation of testing fluoride levels in water. The purpose of this test method to obtain the levels of fluoride in water.Tools include:• spectrophotometer single beam or double beam having a wavelength range between 190-900 nm and a slit width of between 0.2 to 2 nm, and has calibration.• Pipette measuring 5 and 10 ml.• Pumpkin measuring 200 and 1000 ml.• Erlenmeyer flask 250 and 500 ml.• Pipette size 5, 10, 25, and 50 ml.• Measuring cup 50, 100, and 1000 ml.Specimen preparation, among others:• Provide a test sample taken in accordance with the method of sampling water quality testing.• Measure 250 ml sample in duplicate and maasukan into 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask.• If the specimen cloudy, strain the test sample with a porous membrane filter.How to test the levels of fluoride, such as:• Measure 100 ml of the test object and enter into a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask.• Add 5.0 ml and 5.0 ml Alizarin red zirkonil acid solution, shake and let stand for 1 hour ± 2 minutes.